PSG has now claimed the season-opening cup on 14 separate occasions.
The Parisian giants required a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a successful penalty shootout to overcome Marseille in the Gulf and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup victory.
The European champions appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable triumph in the match featuring the French league champions and the French Cup holders after the French winger found the scoring in the opening stages.
However, the southern French side fired twice late to seize a shock lead. First, the English forward converted from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of events, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a crucial leveler in the final moments to send the match into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the hero, stopping decisive kicks from O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all converted successfully for PSG to seal a convincing shootout victory.
The record champions PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now won this competition for the twelfth time in the last 13 years.